Improved Hybrid Machine and Deep Learning Model for Optimization of Smart Egg Incubator

Abstract

This research develops a Smart Egg Incubator that integrates IoT technology, fuzzy logic, and the YOLOv9-S Deep Learning model to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of hatching chicken eggs. The system automatically regulates temperature and humidity, maintaining temperature between 34.3°C and 39.5°C and humidity between 57% and 68% with a fuzzy logic success rate of 90%. The YOLOv9-S model enables realtime chick detection and classification with mAP50 of 93.7% and mAP50:95 of 71.3%. Efficiency improvements are measured through the success rate of fuzzy logic and improved detection and classification accuracy. This research also uses CNN for high-accuracy object classification, with model optimization performed using SGD to accelerate convergence and improve accuracy. The results indicate significant potential in improving the egg hatching process. The high accuracy and robustness of the YOLOv9-S model enhance real-time monitoring and decision-making in hatcheries, leading to higher hatching success rates, reduced chick mortality, and increased operational efficiency. Future designs can leverage these technologies to create more intelligent, automated systems requiring minimal human intervention, enhancing productivity and scalability. Additionally, IoT and deep learning integration can extend to other poultry farming areas, such as broiler production and disease monitoring, providing a comprehensive approach to farm management. Future research could focus on integrating the YOLOv10 model for even higher accuracy and efficiency, exploring diverse data augmentation techniques, optimizing fuzzy logic algorithms, and integrating additional sensors like CO2 and advanced humidity sensors to improve environmental regulation. These advancements would benefit not only smart incubator applications but also broader poultry farming areas.