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Gamified Digital Intervention to Reduce Online Game Gambling Tendency among Youth: A TAM–SDT Evaluation
Abstract
The rapid growth of online gaming has raised concerns about addictive behaviors among young people, particularly with the emergence of loot boxes that resemble gambling mechanisms. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of a gamification-based application as a preventive intervention for online gambling game addiction and to evaluate user acceptance through an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The research was conducted in two stages. In the pre-test phase, 588 respondents aged 15–25 completed a questionnaire measuring impulsivity, Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), and loot box exposure. The results identified 169 individuals (28.7%) with addictive tendencies. In the intervention phase, 86 respondents from this group participated in a gamified stimulation program using a specially designed application. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The measurement model met reliability and validity requirements. Structural model analysis confirmed the classic TAM relationships: perceived ease of use significantly influenced perceived usefulness (β = .559, p < 0.001), perceived usefulness influenced attitude toward use (β = .385, P= 0.001), and attitude influenced behavioral intention (β = .461, p < 0.001). In addition, self-determination theory (SDT) significantly affected both attitude (β = .360, P= 0.003) and behavioral intention (β = .166, P= 0.038). However, affective visual design (AVD) was not significant, and behavioral intention did not reduce addictive behavior (β = -0.109, P= 0.386). The model demonstrated predictive relevance for TAM constructs (Q² > 0) but failed to predict addictive behavior (Q² = -0.003). This study contributes theoretically by extending TAM with SDT in the context of digital health interventions and practically by demonstrating the potential of gamification as a preventive tool. However, the short intervention period and limited sample size constrained its effectiveness in reducing addiction. Longer-term interventions and broader contextual factors are recommended for future research.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.47738/jads.v7i1.1095
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Journal of Applied Data Sciences
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